Fusarium languescens
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Author(s): L. Lombard, M. Sandoval-Denis, S.C. Lamprecht, and P.W. Crous
Source: Persoonia (2019), 43, p. 28
Fusarium languescens Lombard & Crous 2019 - (vascular wilt of tomato)
This fungus is a widespread pathogen of tomatoes, which can cause economic losses on susceptible cultivars. It is soilborne and enters the plant through small wounds on the root system. It then invades the vascular system, causing yellowing and wilting of the leaves, starting with one side of the plant. In most cases, this is followed by wilting and death of the whole plant. When cutting the stem, characteristic brown streaks run through the length of the stem. Warm temperatures and acid soil favours the development of the disease. The pathogen can disperse through infected seeds and transplants, as well as through its spores. The use of resistant cultivars is the main approach to manage this disease.
Three types of spores are produced: 1) egg-shaped or curved, 1-2-celled microconidia, about 5-12 x 3 µm large; 2) spindle-shaped macroconidia, 3-5 septate, between 30 and 60 µm long and 3-5 µm wide; and 3) thick-walled, spherical chlamydospores.
| Vernacular names | |
|---|---|
| • Deutsch: | Fusarium-Welke der Tomate |
| • English: | vascular wilt of tomato Fusarium wilt of tomato |
| • Español: | marchitez fusariana del tomate |
| • Français: | flétrissement fusarien de la tomate |
| • Português: | murcha de fusário do tomateiro |
Fusarium languescens belongs to the Fusarium oxysporum species complex and before 2019, has been usually referred to as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. During their revision of this species complex, Lombard et al. (2019) have analaysed 6 strains which had been identified as F. o. f.sp. lycopersici. Five of these strains belonged to F. languescens and one to Fusarium nirenbergiae. An additional strain of F. languescens had been identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici, a form causing the Fusarium crown and root rot disease.
Synonyms
Fusarium lycopersici
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici
- Other images ''Fusarium languescens'' (''Fusarium oxysporum'' f.sp. ''lycopersici'') (IPM Images - click to enlarge)
symptoms on tomato plant
symptoms on tomato stem
