Fusarium elaeidis

Fusarium • Hypocreales • Sordariomycetes • Ascomycota • fungi • plant diseases • pests-diseases-weeds

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Fusarium elaeidis - a+b) culture on PDA, c+d) conidiophores on surface of carnation leaf, e+f) sporodochia on carnation leaves, g) false head carried on a phialidic peg on aerial mycelium. h) phialidic peg;,i–j) conidiophores and phialides on aerial mycelium, k-l) sporodochia and sporodochial conidiophores, m) microconidia, n) macroconidia — scale bars: g–n = 10 μm (click to enlarge)
Author(s): L. Lombard, M. Sandoval-Denis, S.C. Lamprecht, and P.W. Crous
Source: Persoonia (2019), 43, p. 23

Fusarium elaeidis L. Lombard & Crous 2019 - (vascular wilt of oil palm)

This fungus/disease causes vascular wilt of oil palm in Africa and South America. In infected oil palms, fronds wilt and dry up and the disease eventually kills the palms. Most damage occurs when oil palms are replanted and such replantings might experience 20% losses or more. The pathogen/disease infects both the African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), as well as the South American species (Elaeis oleifera).

F. elaeidis belongs to the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (Lombard et al., 2019) and represents at least in part the forma specialis described as F. oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis by authors before 2019. Therefore, articles dealing with that forma specialis are included in the publication lists at the top left. F. elaeidis produces macroconidia and microconidia, and F. oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis has been also reported to produce chlamydospores. The chlamydospores are durable spores that allow survival of the pathogen in plant debris and in the soil. However, during the description of F. elaeidis, no chlamydospores were observed.

For a review of the disease see Flood (2006).