Xiphinema (genus)
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Authors: Antonio Archidona-Yuste, Juan A. Navas-Cortés, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Juan E. Palomares-Rius and Pablo Castillo
Source: PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(11) e0165412
Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 - (dagger nematodes)
This genus contains around 300 species of polyphagous, ectoparasitic nematodes, including several important plant pests and vectors of plant viruses (nepoviruses). The species are sedentary or migratory and typically have a large host range, although wooden plants like grapevine seem to be preferred. They are common in tropical and subtropical regions.
Xiphinema species are rather large, typically 1½ to 5 mm long and the life cycle can last up to 2 years. They feed on the root tips, causing the formation of giant cells and swelling of the tips. The genus is characterized by a flanged odontophore.
Economically important species are:
- Xiphinema americanum - a widespread virus vector
- Xiphinema diversicaudatum - a pest on several crops
- Xiphinema index - a pest and virus vector on grapevines
For other species see the list below.
Currently, the following species have been entered into the system:
