Ralstonia solanacearum
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Source: Plant Protection Service, Netherlands - IPM Images
Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith 1896) Yabuuchi et al. 1996
The bacterium is widespread, soil-borne and seed-borne, causing vascular necrosis, wilting, yellowing and stunting on various crops. The bacterium invades the xylem and disrupts the water transport. Symptoms typically also include bacterial streaming or ooze from a cut stem sections. Susceptible host plants may wilt and die within days (sudden wilt). Potatoes (brown rot), tomatoes (bacterial wilt), groundnuts or tobacco (Granville wilt) are often affected. Epidemics particularly develop during higher temperature and high moisture.
Infected fields can rarely be reused, even after rotation with non-host plants. The disease is mainly controlled by the use of resistant and tolerant cultivars. The prevention of spread of the disease has been achieved, in some instances, by the application of strict prophylactic sanitation practices.
| Vernacular names | |
|---|---|
| • Deutsch: | Schleimkrankheit der Kartoffel |
| • English: | potato brown rot bacterial wilt of tomato Granville wilt |
| • Français: | pourriture brune de la pomme de terre |
The bacterium belongs to the Proteobacteria and isolates show a large variation in host range, geographic distribution and physiological characters. Four "phylotypes" have been described for this species. Some of them have been assigned to separate species (see for example Safni et al., 2014):
• phylotype I - now assigned to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
• phylotype II - causes various diseases like potato brown rot or the Moko disease of banana
• phylotype III - now assigned to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
• phylotype IV - now assigned as subspecies under Ralstonia syzygii
Synonyms:
Burkholderia solanacearum
Pseudomonas solanacearum
For reviews see Mamphogoro et al. (2020) and Horita et al. (2014).
- Other images of Ralstonia solanacearum (IPM Images and PaDIL - click to enlarge)
symptoms on potato
symptoms on a potato tuber
symptoms on a potato tuber
internal symptoms on tomato stem
internal symptoms on tomato stem
symptoms on tomato
symptoms on tobacco
