Insect Science (2019) 26, 777-794

Zhuo Li, Li-Kun Li, Bin Liu, Long Wang, Megha N. Parajulee and Fa-Jun Chen (2019)
Effects of seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice and its parental line on the population dynamics of target stemborers and leafrollers, and non-target planthoppers
Insect Science 26 (4), 777-794
Abstract: The widespread planting of insect-resistant crops has caused a dramatic shift in agricultural landscapes, thus raising concerns about the potential impacts on both target and non-target pests. In this study, we examined the potential effects of intra-specific seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice (Bt) and its parental non-transgenic line (Nt) (100% Bt rice [Bt₁₀₀], 5% Nt+95% Bt [Nt₀₅Bt₉₅], 10% Nt+90% Bt [Nt₁₀Bt₉₀], 20% Nt+80% Bt [Nt₂₀Bt₈₀], 40% Nt+60% Bt [Nt₄₀Bt₆₀] and 100% Nt rice [Nt₁₀₀]) on target and non-target pests in a 2-year field trial in southern China. The occurrence of target pests, Sesamia inferens, Chilo suppressalis and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, decreased with the increased ratio of Bt rice, and the mixture ratios with more than 90% Bt rice (Bt₁₀₀ and Nt₀₅Bt₉₅) significantly increased the pest suppression efficiency, with the lowest occurrences of non-target planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera in Nt₁₀₀ and Nt₀₅Bt₉₅. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in 1000-grain dry weight and grain dry weight per 100 plants between Bt₁₀₀ and Nt₀₅Bt₉₅. Seed mixture sowing of Bt rice with < 10% (especially 5%) of its parent line was sufficient to overcome potential compliance issues that exist with the use of block or structured refuge to provide most effective control of both target and non-target pests without compromising the grain yield. It is also expected that the strategy of seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice and the non-transgenic parental line would provide rice yield stability while decreasing the insecticide use frequency in rice production.
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Database assignments for author(s): Megha N. Parajulee

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
application technology
resistance/tolerance/defence of host

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Chilo suppressalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
	Cnaphalocrocis medinalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
	Sesamia inferens	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis genes in crops (entomopathogen)	Chilo suppressalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis genes in crops (entomopathogen)	Cnaphalocrocis medinalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis genes in crops (entomopathogen)	Sesamia inferens	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A-toxin (entomopathogen)	Chilo suppressalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A-toxin (entomopathogen)	Cnaphalocrocis medinalis	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)
Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A-toxin (entomopathogen)	Sesamia inferens	Rice (Oryza)	China (south)