Thecaphora frezzii
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Author(s): Luis Ignacio Cazón et al.
Source: IntechOpen 2018
Author(s): Luis Ignacio Cazón et al.
Source: IntechOpen 2018
Thecaphora frezzii Carranza & J.C. Lindq. 1962 - (peanut smut)
This fungus is found in South America, where it causes peanut smut. Outbreaks have been mainly reported from Argentina where the disease incidence in peanut field may reach 50%. Yield losses of more than 30% have been estimated. Peanut plants infected by T. frezzii produce masses of powdery, dark-brown teliospores inside the pods. The teliospores persist in the soil or as contaminants on the peanut seeds. They also spread by wind during the harvesting process, or are transported to other fields by farm machinery.
Chemicals released into the soil by the germinating peanut seeds, stimulate the germination of the teliospores, as well as the production of basidiospores. The germinating basidiospores form haploid germ tubes, and compatible germ tubes fuse to a diploid mycelium that penetrates and infects the peanut plants.
For management, the use of seeds free of smut spores is important. Crop rotation and the use of fungicides can be also beneficial. The development of resistant cultivars is in progress.
Synonyms:
Thecaphora frezii
For a review see Rago et al. (2017).
