Plant Pathology (2021) 70, 426-435

Carolina B. Pereira, Todd J. Ward, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Gláucia Mara Moreira, Mark Busman, Susan P. McCormick, Heraldo R. Feksa, Juliano L. De Almeida and Dauri J. Tessmann (2021)
Five-year survey uncovers extensive diversity and temporal fluctuations among fusarium head blight pathogens of wheat and barley in Brazil
Plant Pathology 70 (2), 426-435
Abstract: We conducted a five-year survey (2011–2015) of barley and wheat fields in Paraná state, Brazil, obtaining 754 Fusarium isolates from spikes with fusarium head blight (FHB)-symptoms. Multilocus genotyping and TEF-1α gene sequence analyses confirmed the dominance of the F. graminearum species complex (FGSC, 75.7%), but F. poae (11.5%), as well as F. avenaceum and related members of the F. tricinctum species complex (FTSC, 8.1%) appeared as substantial contributors to FHB. Within the FGSC, F. graminearum of the 15-ADON genotype was dominant (63%), followed by F. meridionale of the NIV genotype (23.1%), F. cortaderiae of the NIV (7%) or 3-ADON (2.6%) genotypes, and F. austroamericanum (3.8%) of the 3-ADON genotype. Substantial variation in pathogen composition was observed across years, with F. poae and F. meridionale frequencies significantly elevated in some years. Most F. poae strains produced DAS, diANIV, and butenolide, but not neosolaniol, T-2, or HT-2. All FTSC species produced moniliformin. Enniatin production was widespread among FTSC species, with the single F. acuminatum strain found to be the strongest producer of enniatins. Our findings confirm FGSC as a major contributor to FHB and expand considerably our knowledge of the presence, frequency, and conditions under which other pathogens may emerge, altering the spectrum of toxins that may accumulate in grain.
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Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Dauri J. Tessmann

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
surveys/sampling/distribution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Fusarium poae		Brazil (south)
	Fusarium avenaceum		Brazil (south)
	Fusarium graminearum	Barley (Hordeum vulgare)	Brazil (south)
	Fusarium graminearum	Wheat (Triticum)	Brazil (south)
	Fusarium cortaderiae		Brazil (south)
	Fusarium austroamericanum		Brazil (south)
	Fusarium meridionale		Brazil (south)