Phytoplasma aculeata
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Phoenix sylvestris infected by the "lethal bronzing" phytoplasma (strain 16SrIV-D) (click on image to enlarge it)
Author(s): Monica Elliott, University of Florida
Source: IPM IMAGES
Author(s): Monica Elliott, University of Florida
Source: IPM IMAGES
Phoenix canariensis palms infected by the "lethal bronzing" phytoplasma (click on image to enlarge it)
Author(s): Monica Elliott, University of Florida
Source: IPM IMAGES
Author(s): Monica Elliott, University of Florida
Source: IPM IMAGES
Candidatus Phytoplasma aculeata (lethal bronzing,Texas Phoenix palm decline phytoplasma, TPPD)
This phytoplasma (strain 16SrIV-D) has been originally described from Texas but in 2006 was also reported from Florida where it is called lethal bronzing. It is related to the coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasma (Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae, strain 16SrIV-A). However, it usually does not infect coconut palms but mainly palms from the genus Phoenix like the Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis). It has been also shown to infect sabal palm (Sabal palmetto) and the palm Syagrus romanzoffiana. Like the lethal yellowing phytoplasma, it is transmitted by the planthopper Haplaxius crudus.
