Phytophthora alni
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Phytophthora alni Brasier et al., 2004 - (alder Phytophthora)
The pathogen causes a severe Phytophthora disease (root and collar rot) of alder in Europe since around 1990. The infections have resulted in significant losses of alder trees in several countries. The species is considered to have originated as a hybrid of other Phytophthora species or subspecies. Sporangia are egg-shaped to pear-shaped and 40-50 x ~35 µm large. Chlamydospores have not been observed.
The species is homothallic (self-fertile) and oogonia are about 40-50 µm in diameter. Phenotypically different populations belonging to 3 subspecies have been described:
• Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (= Phytophthora ×alni)
• Phytophthora alni subsp. multiformis see Phytophthora ×multiformis
• Phytophthora alni subsp. uniformis see Phytophthora uniformis
| Vernacular names | |
|---|---|
| • Deutsch: | Erlen-Phytophthora |
| • English: | alder Phytophthora |
| • Français: | Phytophthora de l'aulne |
They all infect alder and show distinctive morphologies and growth rates. Based on DNA studies they are now considered to belong to 3 separate species (Husson et al. 2015). The typical form (Phytophthora alni subsp. alni or Phytophthora ×alni) is regarded as the most aggressive form. It has ornamented oogonia and elongated two-celled antherida. DNA studies have indicated that it is a hybrid between Phytophthora uniformis and Phytophthora ×multiformis.
- Other images of Phytophthora alni (Wikimedia Commons and IPM Images - click to enlarge)
oogonium with oospore and amphigynous antheridium
Symptoms of infection on alder bark
symptoms on stem of gray alder (Alnus incana)
symptoms on bark of European alder (Alnus glutinosa)
