Anopheles culicifacies
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Author: Nayana Gunathilaka
Source: Applied Entomology and Zoology (2017), 52 p. 74
Anopheles culicifacies Giles, 1901
This mosquito has a broad distribution range in southern Asia, from western countries like Iran and Afghanistan to China. It is regarded as an important vector of malaria in countries like India and Sri Lanka. It has been estimated that 60-65% of the malaria infections in India are transmitted by this species. A. culicifacies has been reported to feed mainly on cattle and humans, biting during the night. Breeding has been described from various types of water bodies and water containers, including irrigation canals, pools or domestic wells and tanks.
Taxonomically, A. culicifacies is related to Anopheles funestus and consists of a complex of several closely related forms. These have been provisionally designated as sibling species A, B, C, D and E (e.g. see Tyagi et al., 2016). The forms differ in their biology, ecology and vector competence. Not all forms are malaria vectors.
For a review see Sinka et al. 2011.
