Difference between revisions of "Anopheles gambiae"
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| − | [[File:Anopheles gambiae | + | [[File:Anopheles gambiae Flickr.jpg|300px|thumb|''Anopheles gambiae'' mosquito feeding (click on image to enlarge it)<br/>Author(s): James Gathany-CDC<br/>Source: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zanzara_Anopheles_Gambiae.jpg Wikimedia Commons]]] |
| − | <font color="#800000">'''''Anopheles gambiae'''''</font> Giles, 1902 | + | <font color="#800000">'''''Anopheles gambiae'''''</font> Giles, 1902 |
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| + | In a wider sense, ''Anopheles gambiae s.l.'' is a species complex which contains important malaria vectors in Africa like ''[[Anopheles arabiensis]]''. Members of this complex are morphologically indistinguishable and need to be separated by PCR analysis. '''''Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto''''' is one of the main vectors of human malaria in Africa and is divided again into 2 molecular forms (M and S forms). The M form has been described as a separate species, ''[[Anopheles coluzzii]]'' Coetzee and Wilkerson, 2013. It is common and found throughout sub-Saharan Africa in close association with humans, its main host (e.g. see [[Medical and Veterinary Entomology (2013) 27, 398-407|Fritz et al. 2013]]). Populations can increase rapidly after rains create breeding sites. Various man-made and natural water accumulations are used, even polluted water. | ||
| + | [[File:Zanzara Anopheles Gambiae.jpg|250px|thumb|left|''Anopheles gambiae'' mosquito feeding<br/>Author(s): James Gathany, CDC<br/>Source: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anopheles_gambiae_mosquito_feeding_1354.p_lores.jpg Wikimedia Commons]]] | ||
The eggs and 4 larval stages develop in 2 weeks or less and the adult stage lasts again about 2 weeks. Population cycles and malaria transmission rates follow the rainy seasons. In the dry seasons the M form undergoes a summer dormancy (aestivation) in nearby shelters, while the S form migrates over longer distances with the aid of wind ([[Journal of Medical Entomology (2014) 51, 27-38|Lehmann et al. 2014]]). | The eggs and 4 larval stages develop in 2 weeks or less and the adult stage lasts again about 2 weeks. Population cycles and malaria transmission rates follow the rainy seasons. In the dry seasons the M form undergoes a summer dormancy (aestivation) in nearby shelters, while the S form migrates over longer distances with the aid of wind ([[Journal of Medical Entomology (2014) 51, 27-38|Lehmann et al. 2014]]). | ||
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The adult is light brown, with a forewing length of 3-4 mm. It is active during the night, typically with the peak of bites occurring between 3 and 6 a.m. For control, insecticide treated bednets and indoor spraying is recommended. | The adult is light brown, with a forewing length of 3-4 mm. It is active during the night, typically with the peak of bites occurring between 3 and 6 a.m. For control, insecticide treated bednets and indoor spraying is recommended. | ||
For details see the respective page in [[wikipedia:Anopheles gambiae|Wikipedia]]. | For details see the respective page in [[wikipedia:Anopheles gambiae|Wikipedia]]. | ||
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[[Category:Anopheles (genus)]] | [[Category:Anopheles (genus)]] | ||
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Author(s): James Gathany-CDC
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Anopheles gambiae Giles, 1902
In a wider sense, Anopheles gambiae s.l. is a species complex which contains important malaria vectors in Africa like Anopheles arabiensis. Members of this complex are morphologically indistinguishable and need to be separated by PCR analysis. Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is one of the main vectors of human malaria in Africa and is divided again into 2 molecular forms (M and S forms). The M form has been described as a separate species, Anopheles coluzzii Coetzee and Wilkerson, 2013. It is common and found throughout sub-Saharan Africa in close association with humans, its main host (e.g. see Fritz et al. 2013). Populations can increase rapidly after rains create breeding sites. Various man-made and natural water accumulations are used, even polluted water.
The eggs and 4 larval stages develop in 2 weeks or less and the adult stage lasts again about 2 weeks. Population cycles and malaria transmission rates follow the rainy seasons. In the dry seasons the M form undergoes a summer dormancy (aestivation) in nearby shelters, while the S form migrates over longer distances with the aid of wind (Lehmann et al. 2014).
The adult is light brown, with a forewing length of 3-4 mm. It is active during the night, typically with the peak of bites occurring between 3 and 6 a.m. For control, insecticide treated bednets and indoor spraying is recommended.
For details see the respective page in Wikipedia.
