View source for Plant Molecular Biology (2015) 87, 273-286

{{Publication
|Publication authors=Bradley W. Tonnessen, Patricia Manosalva, Jillian M. Lang, Marietta Baraoidan, Alicia Bordeos, Ramil Mauleon, James Oard, [[Scot H. Hulbert|Scot Hulbert]], Hei Leung and [[Jan E. Leach]]
|Author Page=Jan E. Leach, Scot H. Hulbert
|Publication date=2015
|dc:title=Rice phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene ''OsPAL4'' is associated with broad spectrum disease resistance
|Publication journal=Plant Molecular Biology
|prism:volume=87 (3)
|prism:startingPage=273
|Last page=286
|External link=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11103-014-0275-9
|Publication abstract=Most agronomically important traits, including resistance against pathogens, are governed by quantitative trait loci (QTL). QTL-mediated resistance shows promise of being effective and long-lasting against diverse pathogens. Identification of genes controlling QTL-based disease resistance contributes to breeding for cultivars that exhibit high and stable resistance. Several defense response genes have been successfully used as good predictors and contributors to QTL-based resistance against several devastating rice diseases. In this study, we identified and characterized a rice (''Oryza sativa'') mutant line containing a 750 bp deletion in the second exon of ''OsPAL4'', a member of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family. ''OsPAL4'' clusters with three additional ''OsPAL'' genes that co-localize with QTL for bacterial blight and sheath blight disease resistance on rice chromosome 2. Self-pollination of heterozygous ''ospal4'' mutant lines produced no homozygous progeny, suggesting that homozygosity for the mutation is lethal. The heterozygous ''ospal4'' mutant line exhibited increased susceptibility to three distinct rice diseases, bacterial blight, sheath blight, and rice blast. Mutation of ''OsPAL4'' increased expression of the ''OsPAL2'' gene and decreased the expression of the unlinked ''OsPAL6'' gene. ''OsPAL2'' function is not redundant because the changes in expression did not compensate for loss of disease resistance. ''OsPAL6'' co-localizes with a QTL for rice blast resistance, and is down-regulated in the ''ospal4'' mutant line; this may explain enhanced susceptibility to ''Magnoporthe oryzae.'' Overall, these results suggest that ''OsPAL4'' and possibly ''OsPAL6'' are key contributors to resistance governed by QTL and are potential breeding targets for improved broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice.
|AbstractCC=Yes
|Research topic=resistance/tolerance/defence of host
|Is book=No
|SelArticle=1
|Image=Rice_blast_spores.jpg
}}
{{Pest record
|Pest=Rhizoctonia solani
|Crop=Rice (Oryza)
|Quarantined=No
}}
{{Pest record
|Pest=Pyricularia oryzae
|Crop=Rice (Oryza)
|Quarantined=No
}}