Tungrovirus oryzae

Tungrovirus • Caulimoviridae • plant viruses • plant diseases • pests-diseases-weeds

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rice plant infected with the tungro disease (click on image to enlarge it)
Authors: JIRCAS Photo Archive
Source: Flickr

diagrams of Tungrovirus particles (click on image to enlarge it)
Authors: Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
Source: ViralZone

Tungrovirus oryzae

Assigned virus:
• rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV)

RTBV causes the tungro disease of rice in South-East Asia, in association with 'rice tungro spherical virus' which has been assigned to the species Waikavirus oryzae. Disease symptoms include stunting and leaf chlorosis. The viruses are transmitted mainly by the leafhopper Nephotettix virescens, but also by Nephotettix nigropictus and Recilia dorsalis. RTBV has bacilliform particles, about 130 x 30 nm in size and a double-stranded DNA genome with 4 open reading frames.

RTBV is responsible for the development of the disease in the rice plants and the appearance of the symptoms. In contrast, the rice tungro spherical virus is regarded as a helper virus, enhancing the symptoms and assisting in the transmission of the disease.