Letters in Applied Microbiology (2006) 43, 143-148

F. Vinale, R. Marra, F. Scala, E.L. Ghisalberti, M. Lorito and K. Sivasithamparam (2006)
Major secondary metabolites produced by two commercial Trichoderma strains active against different phytopathogens
Letters in Applied Microbiology 43 (2), 143-148
Abstract: Aims: Trichoderma harzianum strains T22 and T39 are two micro-organisms used as active agents in a variety of commercial biopesticides and biofertilizers and widely applied amongst field and greenhouse crops. The production, isolation, biological and chemical characterization of the main secondary metabolites produced by these strains are investigated.
Methods and Results: Of the three major compounds produced by strain T22, one is a new azaphilone that shows marked in vitro inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. In turn, filtrates from strain T39 were demonstrated to contain two compounds previously isolated from other T. harzianum strains and a new butenolide. The production of the isolated metabolites was also monitored by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry during in vitro interaction with R. solani.
Conclusions: This paper reports the isolation and characterization of the main secondary metabolites obtained from culture filtrates of two T. harzianum strains and their production during antagonistic interaction with the pathogen R. solani.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first work on secondary metabolites produced by the commercially applied strains T22 and T39. Our results provide a better understanding of the metabolism of these fungi, which are both widely used as biopesticides and/or biofertilizers in biocontrol.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Francesco Vinale, Roberta Marra, Felice Scala

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
molecular biology - genes

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Gaeumannomyces graminis
	Rhizoctonia solani
	Globisporangium ultimum
Trichoderma harzianum (antagonist)	Gaeumannomyces graminis
Trichoderma harzianum (antagonist)	Rhizoctonia solani
Trichoderma harzianum (antagonist)	Globisporangium ultimum