Journal of Nematology (2004) 36, 330-331

Inorbert M. Lima, Ricardo M. Souza, Regina M.D.G. Carneiro and Carina P. Silva (2004)
Report of Meloidogyne spp. in preserved areas of Atlantic forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Journal of Nematology 36 (3), 330-331
paper presented at the Society of Nematologists 43rd Annual Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado 7-11 August 2004
Abstract: The goal of this work was to identify Meloidogyne species in preserved areas of Atlantic Forest (A.F.) and "restingas" in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 350 samples, each composed of 2.5 liters of soil and roots, were taken from the rizosphere of wood trees, palms, shrubs and herbaceous species in the localities of Terras Frias and Imbé (within the domains of the Desengano State Park), Serra da Sibéria (municipality of Nova Friburgo), Serra da Bicuda (municipality of Macaé), and in the Restingas de Jurubatiba National Park (municipalities of Quissama and Carapebus). In the soil samples, tomato and okra were cultivated as bait-plants for 75 to 90 days, after which the root systems were checked for the presence of root galls and/or egg masses. Twenty-one Meloidogyne populations were recovered, being later purified through esterase isozyme electrophoresis of single nematode females and subsequent single egg mass inoculations. The taxonomic identification of the Meloidogyne populations was peformed by light microscopy examination of mature females, males and second-stage juveniles. In the A.F., 12 populations of M. javanica were recovered, as well as six of M. exigua, two of M. incognita, one of M. arenaria, one of M. mayaguensis, and one unindentified species. Most of the species were found isolated from others in the samples, with most of the populations being recovered from former A.F. in low and warmer areas. M. javanica was recovered in all areas, with the exception of Terras Frias, from which M. exigua only was recovered. For the first time in Brazil, M. mayaguensis was detected in a natural ecosystem, supporting the hypothesis that this highly damaging species is native, and not exotic, to Brazil. This work confirms the adaptation of Meloidogyne spp. to the A.F., and these species hold the potencial of adapting to crop plant species cultivated in former A.F. areas incoporated to Agriculture. Meloidogyne spp. was not recovered from the "restinga" ecosystem, suggesting that its environment is not suitable to this genus.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Database assignments for author(s): Regina M.D.G. Carneiro

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
environment - cropping system/rotation

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Meloidogyne javanica		Brazil (south)
	Meloidogyne incognita		Brazil (south)
	Meloidogyne arenaria		Brazil (south)
	Meloidogyne enterolobii		Brazil (south)
	Meloidogyne exigua		Brazil (south)