Florida Entomologist (1994) 77, 185-188

L.A.N. De Sa and J.R.P. Parra (1994)
Natural parasitism of Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs in corn by Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Brazil
Florida Entomologist 77 (1), 185-188
Abstract: Natural parasitization of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) eggs by Trichogramma spp. occurred in all corn test plots. The highest levels occurred when corn was planted in March. Parasitism of S. frugiperda by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley was usually less than 20%, while parasitism of eggs of H. zea commonly exceeded 50%. Parasitism of singly laid eggs of H. zea was higher than eggs of S. frugiperda, which are laid in overlapping layers and protected by scales.
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Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
population dynamics/epizootiology

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Helicoverpa zea	Maize/corn (Zea mays)	Brazil (south)
	Spodoptera frugiperda	Maize/corn (Zea mays)	Brazil (south)
Trichogramma pretiosum (parasitoid)	Helicoverpa zea	Maize/corn (Zea mays)	Brazil (south)
Trichogramma pretiosum (parasitoid)	Spodoptera frugiperda	Maize/corn (Zea mays)	Brazil (south)