Environmental Entomology (2013) 42, 467-476

Xin-Geng Wang, Karmit Levy, Hannah Nadel, Marshall W. Johnson, Arnaud Blanchet, Yael Argov, Charles H. Pickett and Kent M. Daane (2013)
Overwintering survival of olive fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and two introduced parasitoids in California
Environmental Entomology 42 (3), 467-476
Abstract: The overwintering survival and development of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), and the endoparasitoids, Psyttalia humilis Silvestri and P. lounsburyi (Silvestri), were investigated at sites in California's interior valley and coastal region. In the interior valley, adult flies survived up to 4-6 mo during the winter when food was provided. Adult female flies could oviposit in late fall and early winter on nonharvested fruit and, although egg survival was low (0.23-8.50%), a portion of the overwintered cohort developed into adults the following spring; percentage of survival was negatively correlated to daily minimum temperature. P. humilis and P. lounsburyi successfully oviposited into host larvae in late fall, and their progeny developed into adults the following spring, although with a low percentage (0-11.9%) survivorship. Overwintering survival of puparia of the olive fruit fly and immature larvae of P. humilis and P. lounsburyi (inside host puparia), buried in the soil, were tested at an interior valley and coastal site. Survival of olive fruit fly ranged from 0 to 60% and was affected by the trial date and soil moisture. Overwintering survival of both the fruit fly and tested parasitoids was lower at the colder interior valley than the coastal site; P. humilis immature stages had the highest mortality levels while B. oleae pupae had the lowest mortality levels. The spring emergence pattern of the tested insects was well predicted by a degree-day model. We discuss factors potentially impeding establishment of introduced olive fruit fly parasitoids in California and elsewhere.
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Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Kent M. Daane, Xin-Geng Wang, Charles H. Pickett, Marshall W. Johnson, Yael Argov

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
population dynamics/ epidemiology
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
population dynamics/epizootiology

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Bactrocera oleae	Olive (Olea europaea)	U.S.A. (SW)
Psyttalia humilis (parasitoid)	Bactrocera oleae	Olive (Olea europaea)	U.S.A. (SW)
Psyttalia lounsburyi (parasitoid)	Bactrocera oleae	Olive (Olea europaea)	U.S.A. (SW)