Environmental Entomology (1988) 17, 344-349

Jane Leslie Hayes (1988)
A comparative study of adult emergence phenologies of Heliothis virescens (F.) and H. zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on various hosts in field cages
Environmental Entomology 17 (2), 344-349
Abstract: Emergence rates and timing of emergence of cotton bollworm (CBW), Heliothis zea (Boddie), and tobacco budworm (TBW), H. virescens (F.), each reared concurrently in field cages erected over three host crops, differed characteristically among hosts. Sorghum produced the highest total number of CBW moths, followed by cotton, and then corn; pigeon pea yielded the highest number of TBW, followed by cotton; sesame failed to support TBW development. Sex ratios differed between the TBW and CBW (1 : 0.99 and 1 : 0.90 male/female, respectively; P < 0.01; t test, df = 3), but were consistent across all hosts per species. Emergence patterns of females and males for each host were significantly correlated; however, females frequently began to emerge first and reached 50% emergence 24-72 h prior to males.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
population dynamics/ epidemiology
general biology - morphology - evolution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Helicoverpa zea	Maize/corn (Zea mays)
	Helicoverpa zea	Cotton (Gossypium)
	Helicoverpa zea	Sorghum (crop)
	Heliothis virescens	Cotton (Gossypium)
	Heliothis virescens	Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)