Entomological Research (2009) 39, 84-88

Waqas Wakil, Muhammad Ashfaq, Yong Jung Kwon and M.U. Ghazanfar (2009)
Trends in integrated pest management strategies for the control of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) caterpillars on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Entomological Research 39 (1), 84-88
Abstract: A study was carried out at the University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan to integrate different control measures against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on chickpea, to minimize the use of hazardous insecticides and develop an eco-friendly management program. Cultural (weeding), mechanical (hand picking), biological (release of Trichogramma chilonis), microbial (spraying of Bacillus thruingiensis) and chemical (Steward) control practices were applied three times at 10 day intervals individually and also in various combinations. The application of Steward proved most effective when applied alone, with 0.41 larvae/plant, pod infestation of 9.31% and the highest grain yield (1203.66 g/plot); however, the integration of weeding, hand picking and Steward proved to be the most effective in reducing the larval population (0.12 larvae/plant) with minimum pod infestation (5.45%) on variety CM-2000, which resulted in the maximum grain yield (1260.33 g/plot). The cost-benefit ratio in the treatment where Steward was applied alone was 1:2.20, and it was 1:3.53 where weeding and hand picking practices were integrated.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Waqas Wakil, Muhammad Ashfaq

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
control - general
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
evaluation - screening - selection

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Helicoverpa armigera	Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)	Pakistan
Bacillus thuringiensis (entomopathogen)	Helicoverpa armigera	Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)	Pakistan
Trichogramma chilonis (parasitoid)	Helicoverpa armigera	Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)	Pakistan