Ecological Entomology (2020) 45, 456-465

Laurel J. Haavik, Bernard Slippers, Brett P. Hurley, Kevin J. Dodds, Taylor Scarr, Jean J. Turgeon and Jeremy D. Allison (2020)
Influence of the community of associates on Sirex noctilio brood production is contextual
Ecological Entomology 45 (3), 456-465
Abstract: - Competition and predation are important components of biotic resistance, which helps define the invasibility of an ecosystem.
- To search for evidence of biotic resistance to the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, in North America, cages were used to experimentally exclude the community of associates (natural enemies and competitors) from infested logs. Specifically, the study assessed S. noctilio brood production in pine forests in Ontario and New York, where there was a rich existing community of associates (other wood borers, bark beetles and associated fungi, and parasitoids), and in South Africa, where siricid wasps and pines are not native and a similar associate community is not present. In addition, in Ontario, associates were excluded by size, and for different periods of time to identify important associates and their temporal dynamics.
- Evidence was found that biotic factors limit S. noctilio in North America, whereby exclusion of natural enemies and competitors had a positive influence on the abundance or presence of S. noctilio brood in Ontario and New York. This influence was absent in South Africa.
- It is unclear which member(s) of the associated insect community in North America were most important in limiting S. noctilio brood production, although they probably acted quickly (< 2 weeks) following S. noctilio oviposition.
- Further study is needed to determine whether associates have limited S. noctilio populations in pine forests throughout northeastern North America, and which specific natural enemies and/or competitors are important.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Laurel J. Haavik, Bernard Slippers, Brett P. Hurley, Kevin J. Dodds, Jeremy D. Allison

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
environment - cropping system/rotation
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
general biology - morphology - evolution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Sirex noctilio	Pine (Pinus)	Canada (east)
	Sirex noctilio	Pine (Pinus)	South Africa
	Sirex noctilio	Pine (Pinus)	U.S.A. (NE)