Applied Entomology and Zoology (2000) 35, 155-162
H. Kajita (2000)
Geographical distribution and species composition of parasitoids (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea) of Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci-complex (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) in Japan
Applied Entomology and Zoology 35 (1), 155-162
Abstract: To determine the geographical distribution and composition of parasitoid species from Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the Bemisia tabaci-complex (B. tabaci and B. argentifolii), parasitized-whiteflies were collected at different sites in Japan and parasitoids were reared for adult emergence. Amitus sp., Encarsia citri, E. formosa, E. japonica, E. lutea, E. transvena, Encarsia sp., Eretmocerus sp. and Syrphophagus sp. were reared from Trialeurodes vaporariorum sampled at 125 sites from 1977 to 1998. Amitus sp., E. azimi, E. citri, E. formosa, E. japonica, E. lutea, E. transvena and Eretmocerus sp. were reared from a B. tabaci-complex sampled at 36 sites from 1990 to 1998. The indigenous species E. japonica and E. transvena are widely distributed in Japan and are predominant parasitoids of T. vaporariorum and the B. tabaci-complex. The introduced parasitoid E. formosa has recently been found at many sites near greenhouses in which it has been used commercially by seasonal inoculative release to control T. vaporariorum and B. argentifolii. This is because some E. formosa leave the greenhouses to parasitize whiteflies in the field. Single species composition per site was dominant for T. vaporariorum and not numerous for the B. tabaci-complex. At the sites containing two or three parasitoid species, E. formosa was attacked frequently by E. japonica and E. transvena which are facultative heteronomous hyperparasitoids. In addition, male Syrphophagus sp. was also a hyperparasitoid of E. formosa.
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Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
surveys/distribution/isolation
