Telenomus remus (parasitoid)
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Telenomus remus (parasitoid) (Nixon, 1937)
This egg parasitoid is considered an important natural enemy of Spodoptera species in tropical and subtropical areas of America. However, it has so far not been possible to rear it on a large scale. Attempts were made from 1975–1977 and from 1988–1989 to introduce it into Florida against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. However, the parasitoid apparently did not become established. In 2009 and again in 2013, a Telenomus species was recovered from S. frugiperda eggs in Florida which was identified as Telenomus remus and was related to a population in Honduras (Hay-Roe et al., 2015).