Pest Management Science (2021) 77, 2324-2336

Yue Zhao, Chun-Li Zhao, Xiangbing Yang, Hsin Chi, Peng Dai, Nicolas Desneux, Giovanni Benelli and Lian-Sheng Zang (2021)
Yacon as an alternative host plant for Encarsia formosa mass-rearing: validating a multinomial theorem for bootstrap technique in life table research
Pest Management Science 77 (5), 2324-2336
Abstract:
BACKGROUND
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a broadleaf host plant suitable for rearing the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood). Here, the possibility of using yacon as an alternative host plant for production of the parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan, one of the most important natural enemies of whiteflies, was explored. Data on the demographic characteristics, parasitism rate, and host-feeding rate were collected and analyzed using the TWOSEX-MSChart, CONSUME-MSChart, and TIMING-MSChart computer programs, and then contrasted with comparable data from the more commonly utilized host plant, tobacco.
RESULTS
Higher fecundity (F) (190.13 eggs/female) and more oviposition days (O_d) (16.60 days) were observed in E. formosa when yacon was used as the host plant for rearing T. vaporariorum, compared with when tobacco was used (F = 150.13 eggs/female, O_d = 15.27 days). The intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R₀) were significantly higher in E. formosa parasitizing T. vaporariorum reared on yacon compared with those parasitizing tobacco-reared T. vaporariorum. Furthermore, the net host-feeding rate (C₀ = 40.87 prey/parasitoid), net killing rate (Z₀ = 239.73 prey/parasitoid), and finite killing rate (ypsilon = 0.2560/day) for E. formosa on yacon-reared whiteflies were significantly higher than those from tobacco-reared whiteflies.
CONCLUSION
Our results showed that yacon is more suitable than tobacco as a host plant for mass-rearing E. formosa for biological control programs to manage whiteflies. An innovative application of the multinomial theorem for calculating the exact probability of bootstrap samples in life table research was also introduced.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Xiang-Bing Yang, Nicolas Desneux, Giovanni Benelli, Lian-Sheng Zang

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
rearing/culturing/mass production

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Encarsia formosa (parasitoid)	Trialeurodes vaporariorum