Molecular Plant Pathology (2019) 20, 1619-1635

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Vladimiro Guarnaccia, Thies Gehrmann, Geraldo J. Silva-Junior, Paul H. Fourie, Sajeet Haridas, Duong Vu, Joseph Spatafora, Francis M. Martin, Vincent Robert, Igor V. Grigoriev, Johannes Z. Groenewald and Pedro W. Crous (2019)
Phyllosticta citricarpa and sister species of global importance to Citrus
Molecular Plant Pathology 20 (12), 1619-1635
Abstract: Several Phyllosticta species are known as pathogens of Citrus spp., and are responsible for various disease symptoms including leaf and fruit spots. One of the most important species is P. citricarpa, which causes a foliar and fruit disease called citrus black spot. The Phyllosticta species occurring on citrus can most effectively be distinguished from P. citricarpa by means of multilocus DNA sequence data. Recent studies also demonstrated P. citricarpa to be heterothallic, and reported successful mating in the laboratory. Since the domestication of citrus, different clones of P. citricarpa have escaped Asia to other continents via trade routes, with obvious disease management consequences. This pathogen profile represents a comprehensive literature review of this pathogen and allied taxa associated with citrus, focusing on identification, distribution, genomics, epidemiology and disease management. This review also considers the knowledge emerging from seven genomes of Phyllosticta spp., demonstrating unknown aspects of these species, including their mating behaviour.
Taxonomy
Phyllosticta citricarpa (McAlpine) Aa, 1973. Kingdom Fungi, Phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Botryosphaeriales, Family Phyllostictaceae, Genus Phyllosticta, Species citricarpa.
Host range
Confirmed on more than 12 Citrus species, Phyllosticta citricarpa has only been found on plant species in the Rutaceae.
Disease symptoms
P. citricarpa causes diverse symptoms such as hard spot, virulent spot, false melanose and freckle spot on fruit, and necrotic lesions on leaves and twigs.
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Database assignments for author(s): Paul H. Fourie, Johannes Z. Groenewald, Pedro W. Crous, Vladimiro Guarnaccia

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
review

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Phyllosticta citricarpa	Citrus (genus)
	Phyllosticta citriasiana	Citrus (genus)