Cilevirus leprosis

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symptoms of Citrus leprosis virus infection on sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruits, twig and leaves (click on image to enlarge it)
Author(s): Pedro Luis Ramos-González, Camila Chabi-Jesus, Orlene Guerra-Peraza, Michèle Claire Breton, Gabriella Dias Arena, Maria Andreia Nunes, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Marcos Antonio Machado and Juliana Freitas-Astúa
Source: Viruses, 2016, vol. 8 (6) no. 153

Cilevirus leprosis

Assigned virus:
citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C)

CiLV-C is the main cause of the important citrus leprosis disease which is found in South and Central America. The disease causes serious yield losses in some areas of South America. Citrus leprosis has been also a serious problem in the citrus orchards of Florida, but has not been reported from there since the 1960s.

The virus is transmitted by mites of the genus Brevipalpus, mainly by the false spider mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis and appears to replicate in the mite. The virus particles are bacilliform and are found in the cytoplasma, as indicated by the "C" in the name.

Vernacular names
• English: citrus leprosis
• Español: lepra explosiva de los cítricos
• Français: léprose des agrumes
• Português: leprose dos citros

Citrus leprosis can be also caused by 3 other viruses that cause the same symptoms:
Citrus leprosis virus N (CiLV-N) is the rarer and less aggressive nuclear type and has been proposed to belong to the genus Dichorhavirus
Citrus leprosis virus C2 (CiLV-C2) is a closely related form also from the genus Cilevirus
Hibiscus green spot virus 2 (HGSV 2) from the related genus Higrevirus