Journal of Medical Entomology (2018) 55, 292-299

Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Mehdi Khoobdel, Moussa Soleimani-Ahmadi, Kourosh Azizi, Abbas Aghaei Afshar, Seyed Aghil Jaberhashemi, Sajjad Fekri and Reza Safari (2018)
Species composition of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and modeling the spatial distribution of main vectors of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Hormozgan Province, southern Iran
Journal of Medical Entomology 55 (2), 292-299
Abstract: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the main neglected vector-borne diseases in the Middle East, including Iran. This study aimed to map the spatial distribution and species composition of sand flies in Hormozgan Province and to predict the best ecological niches for main CL vectors in this area. A database that included all earlier studies on sand flies in Hormozgan Province was established. Sand flies were also collected from some localities across the province. Prediction maps for main vectors were developed using MaxEnt model. A total of 27 sand fly species were reported from the study area. Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli, Phlebotomus sergenti s.l. Parrot, Phlebotomus alexandri Sinton, Sergentomyia sintoni Pringle, Sergentomyia clydei Sinton, Sergentomyia tiberiadis Adler, and Sergentomyia baghdadis Adler (Diptera: Psychodidae) had the widest distribution range. The probability of their presence as the main vectors of CL was calculated to be 0.0003–0.9410 and 0.0031–0.8880 for P. papatasi and P. sergenti s.l., respectively. The best ecological niches for P. papatasi were found in the central south, southeast, and a narrow area in southwest, whereas central south to northern area had better niches for P. sergenti s.l. The endemic areas are in Bandar-e Jask, where transmission occurs, whereas in Bastak, the cases were imported from endemic foci of Fars province. In conclusion, proven and suspected vectors of CL and VL were recorded in this study. Due to the existence of endemic foci of CL, and favorite ecological niches for its vectors, there is potential risk of emerging CL in new areas.
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Database assignments for author(s): Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
surveys/sampling/distribution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Phlebotomus papatasi		Iran
	Phlebotomus sergenti		Iran
	Phlebotomus alexandri		Iran
	Sergentomyia tiberiadis		Iran
	Sergentomyia clydei		Iran