Journal of Economic Entomology (2019) 112, 2817-2823

Fernanda Carla Santos Geisler, Nicole de Souza Cunha, Liliane Natigal Martins, Daiana da Costa Oliveira, Paloma Stupp, Igor Gustavo de Oliveira, Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite, Flávio Roberto Melo Garcia and Daniel Bernardi (2019)
Toxicity of bacterial isolates on adults of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and parasitoids Trichopria anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
Journal of Economic Entomology 112 (6), 2817-2823
Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) has demonstrated potential use in insect pest management. We evaluated the toxicity and sublethal effects of formulations of toxic baits composed of bacterial isolates (Bt) B. thuringiensis var. oswaldo cruzi (Bto), B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk), and B. circulars (Bc) in combination with three food attractants 50% grape juice, 7% sugar cane molasses, and 7% hydrolyzed protein on adults of Zaprionus indianus (Gupta, 1970), the main pest of fig fruit (Ficus carica) in Brazil. Likewise, we evaluated the toxicity on the parasitoids Trichopria anastrephae Lima, 1940 and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875) in ingestion bioassays. Adults of Z. indianus showed high susceptibility to Bacterial isolates. However, the Bto isolate (10¹³ CFU. ml^-1) caused adult mortality of 100%, in 72 h after exposure, with LT₅₀ values of ~20 h. By using the lethal concentrations (LC₉₀) of the Bto isolate, estimated via the concentration–response curves with the food attractants, a significant reduction (40 to 50%) in the total fecundity and in the embryonic viability of eggs from females fed with the toxic baits was observed. The food attractants + Bto (80 × 10⁸ CFU. ml^-1) did not cause significant mortality of T. anastrephae and P. vindemmiae adults (mortality < 20%). The bacterial isolates Bti, Btk, Bc, and Bto are considered promising for the formulation of toxic baits, because, besides providing toxic effect on adults of Z. indianus, they showed no toxicity on T. anastrephae and P. vindemmiae adults.
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Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
pheromones/attractants/traps
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
resistance to pesticides

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Zaprionus indianus	Ficus (crop)
Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (parasitoid)
Trichopria anastrephae (parasitoid)