Journal of Economic Entomology (1998) 91, 367-375

Peter M. Campbell, Janet L. Yen, Amir Masoumi, Robyn J. Russell, Philip Batterham, John A. McKenzie and John G. Oekeshott (1998)
Cross-resistance patterns among Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) resistant to organophosphorus insecticides
Journal of Economic Entomology 91 (2), 367-375
Abstract: Strains of Luclia cuprina (Wiedemann) have been characterized as having low, intermediate, or high levels of esterase-mediated hydrolysis of the organophosphorus insecticide, chlorfenvinphos: These levels correlate respectively with susceptibility to organophosphorus insecticides, malathion resistance, or diazinon resistance. Diazinon and chlorfenvinphos are diethyl organophosphorus insecticides having 2 ethoxy groups attached to their central phosphorus atom, whereas malathion is a dimethyl organophosphorus insecticide having 2 methoxy groups attached to its phosphorus atom, and, unusually, malathion also has 2 carboxylester bonds in addition to the phosphoester bonds that define organophosphorus compounds. We tested larvae for resistance to diazinon and also assessed representative malathion-resistant and diazinon-resistant L. cuprina strains at the adult stage for resistance to 12 organophosphorus insecticides, including analog pairs differing only in respect to their dimethyl-diethyl status. Two malathion-resistant strains have low-level cross-resistance to diazinon (3 to 4-fold), 4 diazinon-resistant strains have high-level diazinon resistance (11 to 16-fold), and 2 strains with a combined (malathion plus diazinon) resistance type also have high-level diazinon resistance (17 to 18-fold) relative to 3 organophosphorus insecticide-susceptible strains. One of the diazinon-resistant strains showed ~2 times greater resistance factors toward diethyl organophosphorus insecticides than their dimethyl analogs while (leaving aside malathion to consider only the majority which have no carboxylester groups) a malathion-resistant strain showed 2-5 times greater resistance factors toward the dimethyl organophosphorusinsectides than their diethyl analogs. The diazinon-resistant strain showed no resistance to 2 di-isopropyl organophosphorus compounds or to 2 organophosphorus insecticides which are asymmetric about the phosphorus atom (optically active). The malathion-resistant strain showed only slight resistance (<3-fold) to either the di-isopropyl or optically active organophosphorus insecticides, including the di-isopropyl analog of malathion. These cross-resistance patterns parallel those of certain organophosphorus insecticide-resistant strains of Musca domestica L., in which diazinon and malathion resistances also are proposed to be esterase mediated, reinforcing other biochemical data suggesting a general mechanism among the higher Diptera.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Database assignments for author(s): Robyn J. Russell, John A. McKenzie

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
pesticide resistance of pest

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Lucilia cuprina