Halticoptera arduine (parasitoid)
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Halticoptera arduine (parasitoid) (Walker, 1843)
This wasp is native to South and Central America, but has been introduced into eastern Africa as part of a clasical biological control program (Muchemi et al., 2018). It is a koinobiont larval-pupal endoparasitoid of leafminer flies like species of the genus Liriomyza. After oviposition of the parasitoid, the leafminer larva continues its development and the adult parasitoid emerges from the host pupa.
In South and Central America, H. arduine may reach a parasitisation rate of around 50% in some leafminer populations (Mujica & Kroschel, 2011). Development from egg to adult lasts 3-8 weeks depending on the environmental conditions (Muchemi et al., 2018).
