Environmental Entomology (1996) 25, 1421-1427

Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, B.C. Legaspi Jr., R.L. Meagher Jr. and M.A. Ciomperlik (1996)
Evaluation of Serangium parcesetosum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a biological control agent of the silverleaf whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)
Environmental Entomology 25 (6), 1421-1427
Abstract: The coccinellid predator from India, Serangium parcesetosum Sicard, was studied as a potential biological control agent of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring [also known as the sweetpotato whitefly B. tabaci (Gennadius) Biotype B]. Studies were performed on prey preference, and effects of host plant on predation, and temperature on life-history and predation rates. In one test, the predator was offered simultaneously 5 prey choices: corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) eggs; tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.) eggs; and ~200 eggs and early instars of B. argentifolii reared on poinsettias, cantaloupes, or cucumbers. S. parcesetosum did not consume any lepidopteran eggs; however, they devoured nearly all whitefly prey offered averaging ~600 prey per 24-h feeding period. Mean adult longevities were 27.6 d on cantaloupe, 24.5 d on cucumber, 44.2 d on hibiscus, and 27.8 d on tomato. Each S. parcesetosum adult consumed ~170-200 whitefly eggs and immatures per 12-h feeding period. The predation rate was highest on cucumbers, followed by tomato and cantaloupe, and lowest on hibiscus. Under constant temperature conditions of 20, 30, and 40°C, adults survived best at 20°C with a mean longevity of ~75 d. Adults lived ~25 d at 30°C, whereas, 40°C resulted in death within 3 d. Predation rate was found to increase with temperature. The mean number of total immature B. argentifolii consumed by S. parcesetosum adults was 138.9, 180.8, and 187.4 per 12-h feeding period at 20, 30, and 40°C, respectively. The maximum cumulative lifetime predation was measured at >10,000 whiteflies consumed in the most long-lived individuals, despite feeding only 12 h/d at 1- to 3-d intervals. Mean cumulative lifetime predation was measured at 4,909.5, 2,586.1, and 224.9 whiteflies at 20, 30, and 40°C, respectively. Because of its voracity in both immature and adult stages, and its apparent preference for whiteflies, including B. argentifola (compared with lepidopteran eggs), S. parcesetosum is a promising biological control agent against the silverleaf whitefly.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Database assignments for author(s): Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, Matthew A. Ciomperlik

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
general biology - morphology - evolution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Bemisia tabaci biotype MEAM1
Serangium parcesetosum (predator)	Bemisia tabaci biotype MEAM1		India