Environmental Entomology (1984) 13, 81-85

William S. Seaman and Martin M. Barnes (1984)
Thermal summation for the development of the navel orangeworm in almond (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Environmental Entomology 13 (1), 81-85
Abstract: Thermal summation studies of the development of the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), on almonds were carried out during 1981 and 1982. An upper developmental threshold of 34.4°C was determined from field data. New crop nuts were caged while still attached to the tree and inoculated after hullsplit with 1st-instar larvae. Mean developmental times from egg to adult when reared on new crop nuts were 424 and 427 degree-days C in 1981 and 1982, respectively. Nuts from previous years' crop ('mummies') were also caged in the field and inoculated with 1st-instar larvae. The mean time required for navel orangeworm development on mummy almonds was 623 degree-days C.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
general biology - morphology - evolution
environment - cropping system/rotation

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Amyelois transitella	Almond (Prunus dulcis)	U.S.A. (SW)