Environmental Entomology (1983) 12, 535-540

Daniel T. Jennings and Mark W. Houseweart (1983)
Parasitism of spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) eggs by Trichogramma minutum and absence of overwintering parasitoids
Environmental Entomology 12 (2), 535-540
Abstract: Egg masses of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), were sampled in February and March for overwintering Trichogramma minutum Riley at five locations in central Maine. Egg mass densities and the percentage of parasitized eggs were generally greater in upper- and middle-crown levels than in the lower crown of balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Miller. Significantly more parasitized egg masses were 'chewed' than partially parasitized or normal, eclosed egg masses. Parasitized eggs contained only cadavers of T. minutum pupae; thus, we found no evidence that this species or any other egg parasite overwinters in eggs of the spruce budworm.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
general biology - morphology - evolution
population dynamics/epizootiology

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Choristoneura fumiferana	Fir (Abies)	U.S.A. (NE)
Trichogramma minutum (parasitoid)	Choristoneura fumiferana	Fir (Abies)	U.S.A. (NE)