Environmental Entomology (1983) 12, 1403-1405

A.I. Mohamed, S.Y. Young and W.C. Yearian (1983)
Susceptibility of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae to microbial agent-chemical pesticide mixtures on cotton foliage
Environmental Entomology 12 (5), 1403-1405
Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Berliner and Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) formulations Dipel and Elcar, respectively, were tested in spray mixtures with several chemical pesticides: benomyl, chlorothalonil, fentin hydroxide, and thiabendazole (fungicides); methoprene and diflubenzuron (insect growth regulators); cyhexatin (acaricide); and chlordimeform (insecticide-acaricide) on cotton foliage. Foliage from treated plants was fed to first- and third-stage Heliothis virescens (F.) larvae. First-stage larval mortality response from microbial agent-chemical pesticide mixtures varied from synergistic to antagonistic. B. thuringiensis with either acaricide, chlordimeform or cyhexatin, and Heliothis NPV-chlordimeform produced the highest mortality above the expected levels. Mixtures of either microbial agent with chlorothalonil and diflubenzuron-B. thuringiensis resulted in significantly less mortality than the expected levels. No synergism was observed when third-stage larvae were exposed to the mixtures. B. thuringiensis-fentin hydroxide or diflubenzuron and Heliothis NPV-fentin hydroxide mixtures were antagonistic. B. thuringiensis-chlorothalonil was also antagonistic when mortality was recorded at pupation.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Database assignments for author(s): Seth Y. Young

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
control - general
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
formulation/storage of bioagents

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Heliothis virescens	Cotton (Gossypium)
Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (entomopathogen)	Heliothis virescens	Cotton (Gossypium)
Helicoverpa zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus (entomopathogen)	Heliothis virescens	Cotton (Gossypium)