Environmental Entomology (1983) 12, 1391-1402

Paul M. Gargiullo and C. Wayne Berisford (1983)
Life tables for the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), and the pitch pine tip moth, Rhyacionia rigidana (Fernald) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Environmental Entomology 12 (5), 1391-1402
Abstract: Life tables were constructed for six generations of Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) and for one generation of Rhyacionia rigidana (Fernald) in a 2- to 3-year-old loblolly pine plantation. Overlapping stage-density trend curves were estimated for each generation by a schedule of two-stage cluster samples. Population models were applied to these curves to estimate stage recruitments for the life tables. Important mortality occurred during egg and pupal stages. Egg mortality was high, and perhaps density dependent. Trichogramma sp. caused much egg mortality in generations 2 and 3, but an unknown factor caused most generation 1 egg mortality. Fifth-instar larvae were heavily parasitized by Lixophaga mediocris Aldrich, but this mortality was constant and was not a key factor. Some pupal mortality was caused by parasites. However, sources of most pupal mortality were not identified. The pattern of survivorship for R. rigidana was similar except for high 1st-instar mortality, apparently due to resin from feeding wounds on pine shoots. Sex ratios and fecundities were also examined.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
population dynamics/ epidemiology
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
general biology - morphology - evolution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Rhyacionia frustrana	Pine (Pinus)	U.S.A. (SE)
	Rhyacionia rigidana	Pine (Pinus)	U.S.A. (SE)
Lixophaga mediocris (parasitoid)	Rhyacionia rigidana	Pine (Pinus)	U.S.A. (SE)