Centaurea calcitrapa (weed)
Centaurea calcitrapa (weed) L. - (purple starthistle)
This plant is native to Europe and western Asia but has become established in several parts of North America. It reproduces only by seeds (Pitcairn et al., 2002).
For details see the respective page in Wikipedia.
Publications covering Centaurea calcitrapa (weed)
Biological Invasions (2019) 21, 99-110
Daniel Montesinos, Ryan C. Graebner and Ragan M. Callaway (2019)
Evidence for evolution of increased competitive ability for invasive Centaurea solstitialis, but not for naturalized C. calcitrapa
Ecology and Evolution (2018) 8, 7378-7385
Daniel Montesinos and Ragan M. Callaway (2018)
Traits correlate with invasive success more than plasticity: A comparison of three Centaurea congeners
Weed Technology (2002) 16, 452-456
Michael J. Pitcairn, James A. Young, Charlie D. Clements and Joe Balciunas (2002)
Purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) seed germination
- Other images of Centaurea calcitrapa (weed) (Wikimedia Commons and IPM Images - click to enlarge)
flower
infestation
seeds
