Biocontrol Science and Technology (2012) 22, 763-776

Rodrigo Diaz, Veronica Manrique, Zhenli He and William A. Overholt (2012)
Effect of elevated CO₂ on tropical soda apple and its biological control agent Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Biocontrol Science and Technology 22 (7), 763-776
Abstract: Rising atmospheric CO₂ levels could have drastic effects on the performance of invasive weeds and their insect herbivores. Despite the importance of biological control as an effective management tool for environmental weeds, there have been few studies on the potential impact of climate change on the future efficacy of biological control. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of elevated CO₂ on the performance of tropical soda apple Solanum viarum (Solanaceae) and its biological control agent Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). We established three levels of CO₂ in environmental growth chambers: ambient (400 ppm), medium (580 ppm) and high (780 ppm). Plants growing at the high level had greater biomass compared to those growing at the ambient and medium levels of CO₂. Leaf water content and the amount of leaf nitrogen were reduced at high compared to ambient or medium CO₂ levels. G. boliviana immature survival and developmental time were negatively affected at high CO₂ but not at medium or ambient levels. Adults were lighter and smaller when reared at the high CO₂ level compared to ambient and medium treatments, while adult fecundity was higher at the medium CO₂ level. Leaf area consumed by fifth instars was lower when feeding on plants grown at the high CO₂ level either inside a Petri dish or on potted plants. These results suggest that beetle performance may be diminished under future climate. However, further studies should incorporate other factors such as temperature and precipitation as well as the evolutionary potential of herbivores and plants to adapt to a changing climate.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Rodrigo Diaz, William A. Overholt

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
environment - cropping system/rotation
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
environment/habitat manipulation

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Solanum viarum (weed)
Gratiana boliviana (weed bioagent)	Solanum viarum (weed)