Bamboo mosaic virus
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Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV)
The virus infects bamboo in Asia, Australia, the Pacific and parts of the Americas. Infections lead to chlorotic mosaic patterns parallel to the leaf veins, necrotic streaks on the shoots and vascular discolorations. They can result in plant death. The virus is mechanically transmitted and can possibly spread with pruning tools. The natural method of spread is unknown. Virus-free plants can be produced by meristem culture.
The particles are flexuous and rod shaped, approximately 490 nm long and 15 nm wide. They have a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of ~6.4 kb with a 5′-cap and a 3′-poly(A) tail contains five open-reading frames. During infections, it also produces two subgenomic RNAs (sgRNA), 2.0 and 1.0 kb large. The virus can also infect several experimental hosts like Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana, but only accumulates to high titers in the former.
