Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz (1995) 68, 182-186

H. Niemeyer, M. Lenarduzzi and G. Watzek (1995)
Zur Wirkung von Verbenon auf den Buchdrucker, Ips typographus L.
[Effects of verbenone on the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae)]
Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 68 (8), 182-186
Abstract: Release of antiaggregation pheromone, verbenone, at 93 mg/tree/day from 24 polyethylene dispensers (each 50 cm long, filled with 10 ml verbenone) per living spruce (Picea abies) did not prevent attacks by spruce bark beetle (Ips typograpbus) despite aggregation pheromone dispensers (Pheroprax®) have been placed much below security distance only 6 m apart of the verbenone-treated spruce in order to trigger a lot of beetles to both the treated and untreated spruces. In opposite, all of the 6 verbenone-treated spruces were colonized by spruce bark beetles, 5 of them within 2 days after treatment whereas only 2 of the nearby neighbouring untreated spruces have been slightly (1 resp. 2 boring holes) attacked 10 days after treatment. On the verbenone-spruces, the boring holes (4-38 per tree) did not much exceed 3 m of height, i. e. the upper border of the verbenone-treated zone beginning 0.5 m above ground. Attacks of spruce bark beetles occured close to and even under the verbenone dispenser. These findings obviously reveal some attractiveness of verbenone in combination with host tree odors. The charge of verbenone used in this experiment had proved to be well antiaggregative in additional trials with rotating slot traps: traps baited with Pheroprax® and verbenone in polyethylene bags caught only 2% of those baited exclusively with the spruce bark beetle pheromone Pheroprax®. But slot traps containing both Pheroprax® and verbenone can also catch much more typograpbus when positioned among a number of Pheroprax-baited traps close by (40-60% of their catches, e. g. within a cross of traps with distances of 2 m between traps). The lack of any repellent activity of verbenone released in large amounts from dispensers on living trees obviously does not depend on photoisomerization of verbenone, converted to chrysanthenone: After having been exposed either to full sunlight or to sunlight within the shelter of a black slot trap, verbenone released from a dispenser within a slot trap baited with Pheroprax® reduced the response of Ips typographus at the (in trap trials) well known level of about 95-98%, regardless of the duration of the preceding light exposure within the scope of 1 hour to 1 month. Presumably, only a small part of verbenone has been converted to chrysanthenon and the remaining part was still antiaggregative. Merely absolutely unexposed verbenone showed significant higher reduction of spruce bark beetles (98.8%) than the light exposure treatments did. This may indicate a very slight loss of bioactivity of verbenone by photoisomerization.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
(original language: German)
Link to article at publishers website

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
control - general
pheromones/attractants/traps

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Ips typographus