Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1999) 92, 130-138

M.C.G. Pansera-De-Araujo, I.B.M. Da Cruz and A.K. Oliveira (1999)
Characterization and biological properties of embryonic stages of four Noctuidae (Lepidoptera)
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 92 (1), 130-138
Abstract: The oviposition rate, the spatial oviposition pattern, and common morphological and temporal embryonic characteristics of each stage, and the caterpillar eclosion patterns of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hueb.), Rachiplusia nu (Guen.), Spodoptera latifascia (Walk.), and Chrysodeixis (=Pseudoplusia) includens (Walk.) were observed under laboratory conditions. The average daily oviposition rate differed among species. The egg-larva developmental time lag did not show a normal distribution. Development was fastest in A. gemmatalis, followed by R. nu and S. latifascia, C. includens being the slowest. The species showed an overlap in different embryonic time stages. The mean overlap time was lower and the same in A. gemmatalis and R. nu than in S. latifascia and C. includens. Egg viability was the same in all species. The morphological characterization of the embryos of the 4 species allowed the description of 8 stages. Independently of species, 46% of the caterpillars ate the whole chorionic layer and the other 54% ate it partially.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
general biology - morphology - evolution

---

Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Anticarsia gemmatalis
	Spodoptera latifascia