Anguina funesta
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from left to right: (a) nematode (Anguina funesta) gall colonised by the toxigenic bacterium, Rathayibacter toxicus, (b) Anguina funesta gall, (c) Lolium rigidum seed, and (d) Lolium rigidum diaspore (click on image to enlarge it)
Author(s): Ian Riley, Adelaide, Australia
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Author(s): Ian Riley, Adelaide, Australia
Source: Wikimedia Commons
Anguina funesta Price, Fisher & Kerr, 1979
This seed gall nematode is found in Australia where it infests grasses, especially those of the genus Lolium. It is a vector of Rathayibacter toxicus, a bacterium which causes annual ryegrass toxicity. The infected seed galls can be fatally toxic to grazing livestock. It is also a quarantine risk to other countries.