Glossinavirus glopallidipedis (entomopathogen)
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Glossinavirus glopallidipedis (entomopathogen)
Assigned virus:
• Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus (GpSGHV)
The Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus (also called tsetse DNA virus) was originally described from Glossina pallidipes, but was later found to be able to infect other Glossina species. It multiplies in the salivary glands and milk gland of the host. The symptoms include enlargement of the salivary glands, reduced feeding activity, testicular degeneration and ovarian abnormalities, leading to male and female infertility. It also causes collapse of Glossina mass-rearing which is important for control efforts using the sterile insect technique (SIT). On the other hand Glossina adults with GpSGHV symptoms have been rarely found in tsetse populations.
Horizontal transmission of the virus occurs through the salivary gland and vertical transmission through the milk gland. The particles have a size of around 50 × 1000 nm. The genome consists of double-stranded DNA, 190 kbp long and with a total of 160 putative ORFs.
