Pseudomonas chlororaphis (antagonist)
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Pseudomonas chlororaphis (antagonist) (Guignard and Sauvageau 1894) Bergey et al. 1930
This bacterium mainly colonises the rhizosphere and can protect plants against various seed- and soil-borne diseases. It is available commercially, and in the U.S. two strains have been registered against root rot and wilt diseases (63-28) and against several turf-grass diseases (TX-1). The list of plant pathogens that are suppressed by P. chlororaphis ranges from bacterial diseases (e.g. Pectobacterium), over a large number of plant pathogenic fungi (e.g. Fusarium and Rhizoctonia species), to plant parasitic nematodes and virus diseases.
Fungi are the main group of affected plant pathogens and P. chlororaphis produces various antifungal compounds like PCN (phenazine-1-carboxamide), hydrogen cyanide, chitinases and proteases. For other pathogens like viruses, the induction of systemic resistance can be an important mode of action (e.g. see Ryu et al., 2007).
Two subspecies have been described (Peix et al. 2007):
• Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. chlororaphis
• Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens
Synonyms:
Pseudomonas aurantiaca
Pseudomonas aureofasciens
Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype D
