Plant Disease (2023) 107, 1087-1095

Gabriel Madoglio Favara, Felipe Franco de Oliveira, Gressa Amanda Chinelato, Armando Bergamin Filho and Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende (2023)
Characterization of soybean, tomato, and Nicandra physalodes as sources of inoculum of Tomato severe rugose virus to tomato crops
Plant Disease 107 (4), 1087-1095
Abstract: Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) is one of Brazil's main begomoviruses infecting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Recent studies indicate that soybean (Glycine max) crops harboring the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) may have epidemiological significance by acting as an asymptomatic amplifier host for the virus. In this study, we gathered experimental greenhouse and field evidence of the role of soybean in the epidemiology of the disease caused by ToSRV. Tomato and Nicandra physalodes, known as good sources of inoculum of this begomovirus, were used as references. The infection rates of soybean, tomato, and N. physalodes with ToSRV in greenhouse no-choice transmission tests with B. tabaci MEAM1 were 50, 71.4, and 64.2%, respectively. The transmission efficiencies of ToSRV to tomato when B. tabaci MEAM1 acquired the virus in ToSRV-infected soybean, tomato, and N. physalodes were 43, 33, and 20%, respectively. Leaves of ToSRV-infected soybean, tomato, and N. physalodes used as sources of inoculum had similar virus titers. In the host preference assay, viruliferous whiteflies preferred to land on tomato rather than soybean and N. physalodes, whereas aviruliferous whiteflies landed indistinctly on these plants. Under experimental field conditions, the transmission efficiency of ToSRV to tomato was higher when tomato was used as a source of inoculum, followed by N. physalodes and soybean. Considering that soybean is extensively cultivated in several Brazilian states that also grow tomato, it can serve as an efficient asymptomatic source of inoculum and support the recent hypothesis that it can also play, under certain conditions, a relevant role as an amplifier host in the epidemiology of the disease caused by ToSRV.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Jorge A.M. Rezende

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
environment - cropping system/rotation
transmission/dispersal of plant diseases

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Tomato severe rugose virus	Soybean (Glycine max)
	Tomato severe rugose virus	Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)	Brazil (south)