Neotropical Entomology (2020) 49, 124-130

M.Z. Nunes, D. Bernardi, C.A. Baronio, J. Pasinato, M. Baldin and M. Botton (2020)
A laboratory bioassay method to assess the use of toxic bait on Anastrepha fraterculus (Weidemann 1830)
Neotropical Entomology 49 (1), 124-130
Abstract: The lack of standardization of bioassays for the evaluation of toxic bait toxicity on the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus (Weidemann 1830), has led to erroneous interpretations of assay results. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology for the standardization and validation of toxicological tests on A. fraterculus toxic bait using the Success™ 0.02CB formulation (80 mg L^-1 of spinosad). Anastrepha fraterculus adults, obtained from larvae reared on an artificial diet, showed higher susceptibility (LT₅₀ = 48.96 h) than adults from larvae reared on cattley guava (LT₅₀ = 53.83 h) and mango fruit (LT₅₀ = 53.55 h). Anastrepha fraterculus adults at the age of five (LT₅₀ = 65.30 h), 15 (LT₅₀ = 59.01 h), and 30 (LT₅₀ = 55.53 h) days presented similar toxicity. The consumption of toxic bait (4.74 mg) increased at 15 days, a fact also observed with insects without food deprivation. In addition, the absence of a food source (artificial diet) with the toxic bait significantly reduced adult mortality time by 7 h (LT₅₀ = 57.42 h). In relation to exposure time, adults exposed to toxic bait for 1 h reduced consumption by 25%; however, they showed the same susceptibility as insects exposed to 2 (LT₅₀ = 55.72 h), 4 (LT₅₀ = 57.64 h), and 8 h (LT₅₀ = 57.76 h). However, with 24 h of food deprivation, they had a higher susceptibility (LT₅₀ = 46.48 h). Five-day-old A. fraterculus adults fed an artificial diet before being deprived of food for 12 or 24 h, then exposed to toxic bait for 4 h in the absence of a food source, are considered optimum conditions to evaluate the toxicity of toxic bait.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Marcos Botton

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
pheromones/attractants/traps
control - general

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Anastrepha fraterculus