Journal of Economic Entomology (2010) 103, 416-422

Ute Chambers, Denny J. Bruck, Jeff Olsen and Vaughn M. Walton (2010)
Control of overwintering filbertworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) larvae with Steinernema carpocapsae
Journal of Economic Entomology 103 (2), 416-422
Abstract: Filbertworm, Cydia latiferreana (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a key insect pest associated with hazelnuts, Corylus avellana L. (Fagales: Betulaceae), in North America. This study investigated the feasibility of entomopathogenic nematodes as an alternative strategy for filbertworm control. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted between October 2007 and May 2008 in Benton County, OR, to evaluate the ability of the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) to infect filbertworm larvae and pupae. The susceptibility of larvae with and without hibernacula as well as pupae to S. carpocapsae was tested in laboratory bioassays using nematode concentrations between 40 and 200 infective juveniles (IJs) per cm². Percentage of nematode infection was not significantly affected by the presence of hibernacula (infection range, 90-92%) compared with larvae without hibernacula (80-95%), or by pupal stage (50-75%) compared with larvae (65-75%). In additional field trials, the effect of nematode rate, water application rate, and orchard floor cover on nematode efficacy was determined in October 2007 and May/June 2008. Sentinel filbertworm larvae in plots with either bare soil or debris (leaves, twigs, husks, and blank nuts) were treated with S. carpocapsae at rates ranging from 40 to 150 IJs per cm² applied in 75 or 190 ml/m² water. Average filbertworm mortality ranged from 2 to 11% and from 50 to 78% in October and May, respectively. Larval mortality increased with increasing nematode concentration, but was not significantly affected by water application rate or orchard floor cover. Our experiments suggest that S. carpocapsae can play a role in the control of filbertworm larvae overwintering on the orchard floor.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Vaughn Martin Walton, Denny J. Bruck, Ute Chambers

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
evaluation - screening - selection
application technology

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Cydia latiferreana	Hazelnut (Corylus)	U.S.A. (NW)
Steinernema carpocapsae/Xenorhabdus nematophila (entomopathogen)	Cydia latiferreana	Hazelnut (Corylus)	U.S.A. (NW)