Journal of Applied Entomology - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie (2000) 124, 387-390

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I.S. Aquino, F.S. Ramalho, M.R. Payton and R.D. Eikenbary (2000)
Waxfilm (Pat. pend.): an alternative film for rearing parasitoids of Anthonomus grandis (Col., Curculionidae)
Journal of Applied Entomology - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie 124 (9-10), 387-390
Abstract: Reducing the impact of insecticides on the environment is a matter of concern to researchers and the use of parasitoids for controlling pests is ecologically preferred. One of the methods used in the mass rearing of parasitoids requires the use of Parafilm®'M'. This film is inconvenient for use in Brazil because of import restrictions and import duties. Waxfilm (Pat. pend.) is a film made from beeswax (Apis mellifera L.) that does not depend on importation, is 100% natural, 100% recyclable and 100% biodegradable. This film is used in the laboratory as an artificial flower bud, in which boll weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman larvae are placed and then exposed to parasitoids. Research was conducted at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 70 ± 5%. Bracon sp. and Catollacus grandis (Burks) parasitoids were tested for rearing using both films. The results show that, on the basis of the number of parasitoids that emerged, Waxfilm is as efficient as Parafilm®'M'. This new film could have a large impact on biological control programmes in developing countries, where the use of cheap and locally available materials is very important to the successful implementation of new technologies. This would also provide increased income to indigenous beekeepers.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Francisco de Sousa Ramalho

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
rearing/culturing/mass production

Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial Pest/Disease/Weed Crop/Product Country Quarant.


Anthonomus grandis
Catolaccus grandis (parasitoid) Anthonomus grandis
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