Journal of Applied Entomology - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie (1995) 119, 611-614

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T.R. Ahmad and M.A. Ali (1995)
Forecasting emergence and flight of some Ephestia spp. (Lep. Pyralidae) based on pheromone trapping and degree-day accumulations
Journal of Applied Entomology - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie 119 (4), 611-614
Abstract: Forecasting system to monitor the emergence and flight activity of carob moth Ephestia calidella (Guen.), raisin moth E. figulilella (Greg.), tobacco moth E. elutella (Hub.), and Mediterranean flour moth E. kuehniella (Zell.) in central Iraq, was established, with the aid of synthetic pheromone and relating cumulative emergence to physiological time (degree-days, DDs). Data of moth catches indicated that the flight period occurs from early April to late November, with peaks from early May to late June, mid-July to late August and late September to mid-October. Data of first captures ranged from 4 April to 10 May and corresponded to a mean DD summation from 1 January of 367, 348, 608 and 453 for E. calidella, E. figulilella, E. elutella and E. kuehniella, respectively. The-mean DD accumulation from 1 March was,283, 236, 496 and 350, respectively, and for E. kuehniella this allowed for a more accurate forecast of moth emergence. The regression equation governing the relationship between cumulative male capture and the DD values was determined. The usefulness of such a system is discussed in relation to control programmes.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website


Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
population dynamics/ epidemiology
surveys/sampling/distribution


Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial Pest/Disease/Weed Crop/Product Country Quarant.


Cadra calidella Dried fruits Iraq
Ephestia elutella Dried fruits Iraq
Cadra figulilella Dried fruits Iraq
Ephestia kuehniella Dried fruits Iraq