Insects (2022) 13 (9 - 813)

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Jerome Niogret, Paul E. Kendra, Arni Ekayanti, Aijun Zhang, Jean-Philippe Marelli, Nurhayat Tabanca and Nancy Epsky (2022)
Development of a kairomone-based attractant as a monitoring tool for the cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Insects 13 (9 - 813)
Abstract: The cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella, is a major economic pest of cocoa, Theobroma cacao, in Southeast Asia. CPB monitoring programs currently use a costly synthetic pheromone lure attractive to males. Field trapping experiments demonstrating an effective plant-based alternative are presented in this study. Five lychee-based products were compared for their attractiveness to CPB males. The organic lychee flavor extract (OLFE), the most attractive product, captured significantly more CPB as a 1 mL vial formulation than unbaited traps, while being competitive with the commercial pheromone lures. Additional experiments show that a 20 mL membrane OLFE lure was most effective, attracting significantly more CPB than the pheromone. When the kairomone and pheromone lures were combined, no additive or synergistic effects were observed. Concentrating the OLFE product (OLFEc) using a rotary evaporator increased the lure attractiveness to field longevity for up to 28 weeks; in contrast, pheromone lures were effective for approximately 4 weeks. The 20 mL concentrated OLFE membrane lures should provide a cheaper and more efficient monitoring tool for CPB than the current commercial pheromone lures.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
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Database assignments for author(s): Paul E. Kendra, Aijun Zhang, Nancy D. Epsky

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
pheromones/attractants/traps


Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial Pest/Disease/Weed Crop/Product Country Quarant.


Conopomorpha cramerella Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Malaysia