Experimental and Applied Acarology (2000) 24, 1-18

J.A. Addison, J.M. Hardman and S.J. Walde (2000)
Pollen availability for predaceous mites on apple: spatial and temporal heterogeneity
Experimental and Applied Acarology 24 (1), 1-18
Abstract: It has been suggested that an abundance of alternate food early in the spring may be critical to the ability of generalist predaceous mites to suppress spider mite pests. One alternate food that is typically very abundant in spring is wind-dispersed pollen. Here we investigate, at several spatial scales, the heterogeneity in the availability of pollen to predaceous mites on apple. We found pollen to be abundant on apple leaves very soon after they opened (>100 grains/cm 2 ), and that the dominant pollen types at this time were wind-dispersed tree pollens (Betulaceae and Pinaceae). We found that most of the spatial variation in pollen abundance occurred at either small spatial scales (within trees) or very large spatial scales (among orchard blocks). Variability among orchards was clearly influenced by the surrounding vegetation, and probably also by the management regime (frequency of mowing). Spatial heterogeneity in pollen availability may affect the build-up of predatory mite populations in the spring, as we found early season abundances of Typhlodromus pyri (Phytoseiidae) and Zetzellia mali (Stigmaeidae) to be better correlated with early season pollen density than with abundance of mite prey (Aculus schlechtendali).
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Sandra J. Walde, John Michael Hardman

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
environment/habitat manipulation

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Aculus schlechtendali	Apple (Malus)
Typhlodromus pyri (predator)	Aculus schlechtendali	Apple (Malus)
Zetzellia mali (predator)	Aculus schlechtendali	Apple (Malus)