Environmental Entomology (1993) 22, 1358-1361

Wendell L. Morrill, James W. Gabor and David Wichman (1993)
Mortality of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) at low temperatures
Environmental Entomology 22 (6), 1358-1361
Abstract: Mortality of overwintering larvae of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, was 92-93% in stubble exposed on the soil surface by tillage. Some larval mortality also occurred during April and May even though lethal low temperatures did not occur. There was 91-100% survival of larvae in untilled stubble. Field-collected larvae super-cooled to -24.3°C in the laboratory. Larval mortality occurred before the supercooling point was reached. Fifty percent mortality occurred after 3 h at -22°C and 4-8 h at -20°C. There was no seasonal variation in larval resistance to freezing. Supercooling points were not significantly affected by plant material in larval guts.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Database assignments for author(s): Wendell L. Morrill

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
population dynamics/ epidemiology
environment - cropping system/rotation

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Cephus cinctus	Wheat (Triticum)	U.S.A. (NW)